Analysis of Risk Factors Associated With Dog Attacks in a District of Lima - Perú, 2018-2021

Abstract

Objective: To determine the factors associated with dog bite incidents in a district of Lima, 2018-2021. Materials and Methods: This was a basic, quantitative epidemiological, non-experimental, and cross-sectional research study. It was retrospective, employing a deductive method. The sample consisted of 494 cases of individuals affected by dog bites in Lurigancho-Chosica from 2018 to 2021. Data collection utilized forms implemented by MINSA (Peruvian Ministry of Health) through Ministerial Resolution Nº 024-2017-MINSA. These forms, comprising two sheets and a card, collectively contained 62 items for recording data on the aggressive dog, the
victim, and the dog's immunization status. These forms were filled completely for the correct registration of each reported case and to ensure continuation of the corresponding treatment; five variables from this total were selected for the investigation. Results: The years 2018 and 2019 recorded the most dog bite incidents (65.0%). The most predisposing breed to cause dog bites was mixedbreed, with 230 cases (46.6%). Regarding vaccination status, only 84 dogs (17.0%) were identified as vaccinated. The age group most susceptible to bites was 30-59 years, with 183 cases (37.0%). There was no significant difference in the type of injury (8 cases, 1.6%). Finally, March was the month with the highest number of dog bite incidents, accounting for 54 cases (10.9%). Conclusion: It is affirmed that no factors were found to be associated with dog bite incidents during the pandemic in the district of LuriganchoChosica, 2018-2021.