Use of Antibiotics in the Intensive Care Unit of a Public Hospital in Tacna-2024
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70409/rmhhut.v19i1.154Keywords:
antimicrobial stewardship, antibiotics, bacteria, intensive care unitAbstract
Introduction: Antibiotic use in intensive care units (ICUs) is common due to the high suspicion of serious infections; however, inappropriate use can contribute to increased antimicrobial resistance. Objective: To evaluate antibiotic use in ICU patients at the Hipólito Unanue Hospital in Tacna, Peru, from July to December 2024. Materials and methods: This was an observational, descriptive, and retrospective study based on a review of the medical records of patients ≥ 18 years of age hospitalized in the ICU. Demographic, clinical, and antibiotic-related variables were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: Of the total number of hospitalized patients, 84 met the inclusion criteria, with a predominance of females (54.1%) and the 30-59 year age group (46.4%). The most frequent infectious focus was respiratory (27.4%), and in 36.9% of cases, the focus was not identified. Only 30.9% had cultures taken before the start of antibiotic treatment. A total of 190 antibiotic prescriptions were recorded, with beta-lactams predominating, especially ceftriaxone (19.4%), meropenem (13.2%), and piperacillin/tazobactam (11.5%). Therapy was initiated empirically in 62.1% of cases, and combination therapy was more frequent than monotherapy (57.2% vs. 42.8%). The mean duration of treatment was 7.5 ± 5.2 days. 76.2% of patients received antibiotics for 100% of their ICU stay. Conclusions: High antibiotic use was observed in the ICU, highlighting the need to strengthen strategies for optimizing antimicrobial use.
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